Vulnerability Discussion

Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection.

Remote access (e.g., RDP) is access to DOD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless.

Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include, for example, signed hash functions using asymmetric cryptography enabling distribution of the public key to verify the hash information while maintaining the confidentiality of the secret key used to generate the hash.

RHEL 9 incorporates system-wide crypto policies by default. The SSH configuration file has no effect on the ciphers, MACs, or algorithms unless specifically defined in the /etc/sysconfig/sshd file. The employed algorithms can be viewed in the /etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/opensshserver.config file.

Check

Verify SSH client is configured to use only ciphers employing FIPS 140-3 approved algorithms with the following command:

$ sudo grep -i macs /etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/openssh.config
MACs [email protected],hmac-sha2-256,[email protected],hmac-sha2-512

If the MACs entries in the "openssh.config" file have any hashes other than "[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,[email protected],hmac-sha2-512", the order differs from the example above, they are missing, or commented out, this is a finding.

Fix

Configure the RHEL 9 SSH client to use only MACs employing FIPS 140-3 approved algorithms by updating the "/etc/crypto-policies/back-ends/openssh.config" file with the following line:

MACs [email protected],hmac-sha2-512,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256

A reboot is required for the changes to take effect.